Thursday, March 19, 2015

Uneven parental help to women harder than men to achieve high … – Mynewsdesk (press release)

In Sweden, women harder than men to achieve the highest wages. This so-called glass ceiling is among officials in both the private and public sectors. IFAU shows in a recent report that the glass ceiling is linked to women’s greater taking parental leave.

Men have higher salaries than women, it generally applies to the entire labor market. Wage differences between the 10 percent highest paid men and women is greater than the wage gap among middle- and low-income people. The women’s median salary, for example, 10 percent lower than men’s median salary, but the 10 percent highest paid women have 30-40 percent less pay than men. That women have difficulty reaching the really high salaries are sometimes called “glass ceiling” and is particularly common in Scandinavian countries.

The authors find that the wage gap between the highest paid men and women in Sweden decreased 1998-2008, but still remained at the end of the period. The glass roof is among white-collar occupations, but not the blue-collar occupations. Especially great is this könslönegap in the quarter with the highest salary in the county sector, where the fourth female county employees who serve the best have significantly lower salaries than the fourth male government employees with the highest salary.



Relationships between parental and wage developments

The gender wage gap increases their first child. To take parental associated with a poorer wages. This is particularly evident in the highest income bracket. As women take more parental they have poorer wage, especially if they spread the leave over a longer period. An extra month of parental leave in 2008 was correlated with a 0.7 per cent lower wages for the 10 percent highest paid women. Those who took parental days concentrated other hand, had a higher salary after bortavaron compared to those who spread the leave over a longer period of time.

Men take out fewer parental leave than women. But the connection between drawing parental and impaired wage is stronger for men in the higher income brackets. For the 10 percent highest paid men was an extra month of parental correlated with 1.5 per cent lower wages.

– We do not know why highly paid fathers taking parental receive one (yet) lower wages than women, says Peter Skogman Thoursie, one of the report authors. Maybe it’s because these men to a greater extent than the corresponding women have made a conscious choice of family work to paid work and that this is reflected in future wage growth. It may also be because the employer does not invest as much in these men when their choices to a greater extent than women’s choice of parental goes against the norm and signals more commitment to family than career.



Data

The report is based on register data from Statistics Sweden and the social insurance for employees who were 25-60 years during 1998-2008. The data include information on gender, age, årsarbetsinkomster, sectoral classification, salary, drawing parental and children’s birth dates. Salaries are full-time equivalent salary. The authors compare women’s and men’s wages at different percentiles.

IFAU report 2015: 1 “glass ceiling and parental insurance in Sweden” is a summary of IFAU Working Paper 2015: 4 written by Jim Albrecht, Peter Skogman Thoursie and Susan Vroman.

For more information contact Peter Skogman Thoursie at 08-16 30 48th

IFAU is a research institute under the Ministry of Labour. We support and carry out scientific evaluations in the labor market, education and social policies.

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