the refugee crisis. One year after the great flow of asylum seekers to Sweden and the picture on the dead boy Alan Kurdistan brought commitment to refugees debated how integration can and Sweden have changed the country for the large influx of refugees.
the number of asylum seekers was already at a high level when Sweden last autumn was shaken by an unprecedented asylum and refugees. Close to 163 000 asylum seekers in a year was almost double compared with the peak in the 90th century the Balkan War. Some spoke of a Swedish system collapse.
New challenges
A year later, the number of asylum seekers has fallen sharply. The task now is to ensure that those who receive a residence permit comes into Swedish society through jobs, education and housing.
This year and next year is estimated 160 000 asylum seekers and their families get a residence permit.
police have warned of the consequences of already vulnerable areas if integration fails. In a report last winter gave it a gloomy picture of the situation in a number of segregated areas, often suburbs of major cities.
Parallel societies
In the hardest hit areas is growing parallel societies up with high unemployment and harsh conditions. There, the police difficult to act and criminal gangs have great power. Many asylum seekers and new arrivals end up in these areas.
– We do not mean that those who come are criminals but those who control where it is and they have great influence. Those who come are left, says Linda H Staaf, head of police intelligence.
The worst that can happen is that the criminals will strengthen the grip, according to her. Society must continue working to reverse the negative trend.
“No tone”
Joakim Ruist, researcher on immigration at the University of Gothenburg, do not believe that the effects of last year’s refugee crisis leads to a completely different Sweden for ten years.
the problems with a higher unemployment especially refugee immigrants will remain, but to believe that Sweden is about to get French suburban ghettos are not really, according Ruist.
– it feels very, very many of those living in vulnerable areas that society has forgotten them or turned against them, he says.
– What Sweden has succeeded is to show that we are still trying with efforts so that alienation feeling does not become too large.
Low education
The big challenge is jobs. For many non-European born, it is difficult in a labor market which today is light for native Swedes with education.
Of the unemployed who were registered at the Employment Service in July was 148 000 were born outside Europe. That’s 42 percent of all unemployed. Of them had 69 000 lower secondary education.
Per-Arne Andersson is director of education and labor in the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SKL). He does not believe that it is possible to give one’s all the young adults a regular secondary school or higher education.
New roads?
Andersson believes that new ways must be to educate people who lack basic skills.
– to have a group of perhaps 20,000 to 30,000 young people who do not even have passed primary school will be a problem for the community in different ways we can not take care of them.
to them, and even older refugee immigrants, requires new ways of combining courses in Swedish, training and jobs.
But the experience of getting educated refugee immigrants at work, even in the long term, is disappointing, according to the government’s fiscal policy advice.
Several challenges
A study shows that after seven years in Sweden was only half of refugee immigrants employed. In the policy debate now need more simple jobs that do not require training, and lower starting salaries, as a solution.
The municipalities also waiting task to arrange housing for new arrivals, in a mode where 240 of the 290 municipalities in the state that there is a housing shortage.
the local authorities should also ensure that schools are able to take care of the new arrivals children, while school is struggling to get up knowledge of the results.
FACTS
Hence arose the refugee crisis in Sweden in 2015
Conditions for Syrian refugees in countries around Syria had deteriorated
half a million refugees were judged like to leave Turkey for Europe
the fear that the EU would close the borders caused many to leave
Turkey and Greece had released the border Guard
More than 163 000 migrants and refugees arrived in the Greek islands in July / August (this year the number was 4000)
the trade in smuggling price for the crossing had fallen to 1 000 per person
smugglers had opened routes through the Western Balkans
German Chancellor Angela Merkel’s statement that “we can do it” in August 2015 caused many to feel welcome
Several EU countries let asylum seekers go ahead and did not apply the rule that asylum should be sought in the country of arrival
Source: Swedish Migration Board, the UNHCR, TT
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